In order to improve the anti-disturbance and velocity response of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) control system, sliding mode control (SMC) replaced proportional-integral (PI) controller in active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) in this paper. Simulation results show that sliding mode active disturbance rejection control (SM-ADRC) has better immunity to load disturbance and periodic disturbance than traditional ADRC and PI control. In addition, linear state observer (LESO) combined with phase-locked loop (PLL) to estimates the speed signal of PMLSM to realize sensor-less control. The simulation results show that the speed estimation accuracy is high, and sensor-less speed closed-loop control can be realized. The comparison between sliding mode observer (SMO) and ESO shows that the rotor angle estimation error of ESO is smaller than that of SMO when the speed observation ability of SMO and ESO is the same. This proves that ESO is more suitable than SMO for sensor-less control.